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1.
Hum Vaccin Immunother ; 18(5): 2085461, 2022 11 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1927242

ABSTRACT

We compared intention to receive the seasonal influenza vaccine with a prospective coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine among undecided or COVID-19 vaccine hesitant individuals to better understand the underlying differences and similarities in factors associated with vaccine intention. We delivered a cross-sectional online survey in October-November 2020. We included psychological constructs and sociodemographic variables informed by theory. We conducted pairwise comparisons and multiple linear regression models to explore associations between vaccine intention and psychological constructs. We recruited 1,660 participants, where 47.6% responded that they would likely receive the influenza vaccine, 31.0% that they would probably not accept the vaccination and 21.4% were unsure. In relation to the prospective COVID-19 vaccine, 39.0% responded that they would likely receive the vaccination, 23.7% that they would probably not accept the vaccination and 37.3% were unsure. Unique factors positively associated with COVID-19 vaccine intention were: perceived knowledge sufficiency about vaccine safety, beliefs about vaccine safety, and living in an area of low deprivation. The only unique factor positively associated with influenza intention was past influenza behavior. The strongest common predictors positively associated with intention were: favorable vaccine attitudes, the anticipated regret they may feel following infection if they were not to receive a vaccine, and the expectation from family or friends to accept the vaccine. Despite overall similarities in those factors associated with vaccination intention, we identified unique influences on intention. This additional insight will help support the planning and tailoring of future immunizations programmes for the respective viruses.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Influenza Vaccines , Influenza, Human , Adult , Humans , COVID-19 Vaccines , Pandemics/prevention & control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Intention , Seasons , COVID-19/prevention & control , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vaccination , England/epidemiology
2.
Hum Vaccin Immunother ; 17(12): 5242-5254, 2021 12 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1585260

ABSTRACT

Early studies showed that 28-36% of UK adults were unsure or unwilling to be vaccinated against COVID-19. We wanted to identify which socio-demographic, socio-economic, personal health and psychological factors were associated with COVID-19 vaccine intentions (CVI) in adults living in England who did not want, yet to consider, or not sure whether to vaccinate. In October/November 2020, prior to vaccine availability, we surveyed adults stratified by gender, region, and deprivation, with additional purposive sampling of those aged 50 and over and those from an ethnic minority. Two hundred and ten did not want; 407 had yet to consider; and 1,043 were not sure whether to be vaccinated. Factors positively associated with CVI were: favorable vaccine views, trust in institutions associated with vaccine approval, vaccine subjective norms, anticipated regret of not having a vaccine, perceived vaccine benefits, perceived safety knowledge sufficiency, and a history of having an influenza vaccine. Factors negatively associated were: anti-lockdown views, and being a health or social care worker. Whilst showing significant relationships with CVI when analyzed in isolation, neighborhood deprivation and ethnicity did show an independent relationship to intention when all study measures were controlled for. Our findings suggest vaccine promotion focusing on the anticipated regret of not having a vaccine, the benefits of a mass COVID-19 immunization program, and the safety of a vaccine whilst ensuring or engendering trust in those bodies that brand a campaign may be most supportive of COVID-19 vaccine uptake.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Influenza Vaccines , Adult , Aged , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19 Vaccines , England , Ethnicity , Humans , Intention , Middle Aged , Minority Groups , SARS-CoV-2
3.
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health ; 75(Suppl 1):A87-A88, 2021.
Article in English | ProQuest Central | ID: covidwho-1394181

ABSTRACT

BackgroundAs of 15 February 2021, over 20 million people in England have received their first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. Population-level immunological protection requires the large majority to be vaccinated, though given the spread of misinformation and vaccine hesitancy concerns, this may be challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to elicit from those either undecided or more resistant to having a COVID-19 vaccine, what would make them more likely to have a vaccine when made available to them.MethodsIn October/November 2020 we delivered an online population-wide survey of COVID-19 vaccine intention in England. Sampling was stratified by gender, geographical region, and deprivation, with additional purposive sampling of those from an ethnic minority background. An open question ‘What might make it more likely that you, your family, or friends would have a coronavirus vaccine when one is ready?’ was included. We used content analysis to identify and code emergent themes.ResultsWe recruited 1660 participants, who did not want (210), had yet to consider (407), or were not sure (1043) whether to be vaccinated. Of these: 946 (57%) were female, 363 (22%) were of an ethnic minority, and 453 (27%) lived in the lowest three Index of Multiple Deprivation (small area deprivation statistic) deciles. We received 922 (56%) open-text responses, with 733 (44%) detailing at least one factor that would increase their likelihood of receiving a vaccine. The most common concerns expressed was the safety and efficacy of a vaccine, particularly potential side-effects. Participants wanted to see the evidence that supported vaccine approval as many were worried about how quickly vaccines had been developed. Distrust in the Government, specific ministers, and the pharmaceutical companies was a consideration. Some stipulated that it would take mandating for them to have a vaccine. Others wanted it to be free and easy to access. The broader implications of an immunisation programme were of interest, participants wanted to know if the vulnerable would be prioritised and protected and that restrictive conditions would be removed enabling them to engage in a greater range of social activities.ConclusionPromotional campaigns that focus on COVID-19 vaccine safety and effectiveness, should be prioritised. Provision of accessible comprehendible information that accurately and transparently reports the findings from COVID-19 vaccine trials through a trusted source will be required. Contextualising how vaccines will support the ending of the pandemic and increasing personal and population benefits will be of value.

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